# CVE-2025-49132: Pterodactyl Panel - RCE

> Live exploitation tracking for CVE-2025-49132 by the CrowdSec Live Exploit Tracker, built from real-world attack data crowdsourced from CrowdSec's global network.

Page: https://tracker.crowdsec.net/cves/CVE-2025-49132

## Key facts

- **Exploitation phase:** Background Noise. Continuous low-level scanning or exploitation attempts are observed, mostly opportunistic and automated.
- **CVSS score:** 10.0
- **Public exploit available:** Yes
- **Affected products:** Pterodactyl Panel
- **Weaknesses:** CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'))
- **Tags:** enterprise_software, firewall, web_application

## Description

Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to version 1.11.11, using the /locales/locale.json with the locale and namespace query parameters, a malicious actor is able to execute arbitrary code without being authenticated. With the ability to execute arbitrary code it could be used to gain access to the Panel's server, read credentials from the Panel's config, extract sensitive information from the database, access files of servers managed by the panel, etc. This issue has been patched in version 1.11.11. There are no software workarounds for this vulnerability, but use of an external Web Application Firewall (WAF) could help mitigate this attack.

## CrowdSec analysis

[CVE-2025-49132](https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49132) is a remote code execution vulnerability in Pterodactyl, a free open-source game server management panel. Malicious actor could execute arbitrary code without being authenticated, leading to further system compromise of the affected machine.

CrowdSec has been tracking this vulnerability and its exploits since 30th of June 2025.

CrowdSec network data shows that most actors exploiting CVE-2025-49132 rely on broad, untargeted scans with minimal filtering. The activity is largely automated and opportunistic in nature.
Additionally, according to week-over-week analysis by CrowdSec, exploitation of CVE-2025-49132 is surging. Attack volumes are spiking well above historical norms, indicating widespread and escalating interest from threat actors. CVE-2025-49132 is currently experiencing high visibility and active exploitation across the internet.

Attackers exploit this vulnerability by sending requests to  the `/locales/locale.json` endpoint. Arbitrary system paths can then be read and run from the `locale` query parameter.

## Timeline

- 2025-06-20: CVE Published. CVE-2025-49132 is published to NVD.
- 2025-06-30: Rule Released. CrowdSec releases a rule to detect CVE-2025-49132 exploitation attempts against the CrowdSec Network.
- 2025-07-07: CrowdSec First Seen. CrowdSec observes in-the-wild exploitation of CVE-2025-49132 for the first time.

## References

- https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/security/advisories/GHSA-24wv-6c99-f843
- https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/releases/tag/v1.11.11
- https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/commit/24c82b0e335fb5d7a844226b08abf9f176e592f0

## Live exploitation data

The [Live Exploit Tracker page](https://tracker.crowdsec.net/cves/CVE-2025-49132) follows observed exploitation activity for CVE-2025-49132. [Request an API key](https://tracker.crowdsec.net/request-api-key) for full access to its exploitation timeline, attacking IP addresses and blocklists.