# CVE-2023-34993: FortiWLM - SQLi

> Live exploitation tracking for CVE-2023-34993 by the CrowdSec Live Exploit Tracker, built from real-world attack data crowdsourced from CrowdSec's global network.

Page: https://tracker.crowdsec.net/cves/CVE-2023-34993

## Key facts

- **Exploitation phase:** Limited Exploitation. The vulnerability is known but shows very limited attacker interest or exploitation activity.
- **CVSS score:** 9.6
- **Public exploit available:** Yes
- **Affected products:** Fortinet FortiWLM
- **Weaknesses:** CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'))
- **Tags:** enterprise_software, firewall

## Description

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') in Fortinet FortiWLM version 8.6.0 through 8.6.5 and 8.5.0 through 8.5.4 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted http get request parameters.

## CrowdSec analysis

[CVE-2023-34993](https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/CVE-2023-34993) is a vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWLM that exposes systems to remote code execution through improper neutralization of special elements in OS commands. Attackers can leverage specially crafted requests to interact with management endpoints and execute unauthorized commands on the target device.

CrowdSec has been tracking this vulnerability and its exploits since 7th of April 2025.

Insights from the CrowdSec network reveal that the attackers trying to exploit CVE-2023-34993 are composed of a fairly even mix of opportunistic and targeted actors. Some attackers employ preliminary reconnaissance, while others use indiscriminate scanning.
CrowdSec data also reveals a clear uptick in attacks involving CVE-2023-34993 over the past week. Activity is above the usual baseline, suggesting growing attention from attackers. This may reflect rising awareness, recent exploit releases, or expanded targeting efforts.

Observed exploitation typically involves requests to URLs containing `/ems/cgi-bin/ezrf_upgrade_images.cgi`.

## Timeline

- 2023-10-10: CVE Published. CVE-2023-34993 is published to NVD.
- 2025-04-07: Rule Released. CrowdSec releases a rule to detect CVE-2023-34993 exploitation attempts against the CrowdSec Network.
- 2025-04-07: CrowdSec First Seen. CrowdSec observes in-the-wild exploitation of CVE-2023-34993 for the first time.

## References

- https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2023/CVE-2023-34993.yaml

## Live exploitation data

The [Live Exploit Tracker page](https://tracker.crowdsec.net/cves/CVE-2023-34993) follows observed exploitation activity for CVE-2023-34993. [Request an API key](https://tracker.crowdsec.net/request-api-key) for full access to its exploitation timeline, attacking IP addresses and blocklists.